human igf 2 protein  (Sino Biological)

Journal: Frontiers in Immunology

Article Title: PTN/IGF-2 signaling modulates endometrial decidualization and immune cell trafficking to facilitate pregnancy maintenance

doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1790942

Figure Lengend Snippet: PTN regulates endometrial stromal cell decidualization through the IGF-2 signaling axis. (A) PPI network of PTN, IGF-2, IGFBP1, LIF, PRL, and other decidualization-related genes. (B) The expression levels of PTN and its interacting partners (IGF-2, WNT4, PRL, IGFBP1, and LIF) in the RIF (left) and RPL (right) datasets. (C) Expressions of decidualization-related genes (including IGFBP1 , LIF , PRL , and WNT4 ) in NC or si PTN hESCs after treatment with control vehicle, cAMP, and IGF-2 via RT-qPCR (n = 9). (D) Immunoblotting for PTN, IGFBP1, and PRL expression levels with control vehicle, cAMP, and IGF-2. (E) ELISA for IGF-2 levels with control vehicle, cAMP, and IGF-2. (F) Schematic diagram of the experiments performed using the different treatments of hESCs. Data are presented as mean ± SEM and analyzed using t-test or one-way ANOVA test. * compared with NC treated with control vehicle, # compared with si PTN treated with control vehicle, $ compared with si PTN treated with control cAMP (NS, no significant difference; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001, ####p < 0.0001, $p < 0.05, $$p < 0.01, $$$p < 0.001, $$$$p< 0.0001). PPI, protein–protein interaction; RIF, recurrent implantation failure; RPL, recurrent pregnancy loss; hESCs, human endometrial stromal cells; cAMP, cyclic adenosine monophosphate.

Article Snippet: The remaining cells were digested with trypsin and inoculated into a new culture dish, and they were treated with control vehicle or IGF-2 (50 ng/mL, R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA, 292-G2) for 48 h and then collected for quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).

Techniques: Expressing, Control, Quantitative RT-PCR, Western Blot, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: Frontiers in Immunology

Article Title: PTN/IGF-2 signaling modulates endometrial decidualization and immune cell trafficking to facilitate pregnancy maintenance

doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1790942

Figure Lengend Snippet: IGF-2 promotes decidualization and rescues decidualization defects caused by PTN deficiency. (A) Schematic diagram of the experiments performed using the different treatments of ESCs isolated from endometrium of RIF and RPL patients. (B, C) RT-qPCR analysis of levels of decidualization-related genes in ESCs isolated from endometrium of RIF (B) and RPL (C) patients after IGF-2 (50 ng/mL) treatment for 48 h (n = 9). (D) The flowchart depicts the steps involved in establishing a mouse model of intrauterine perfusion with siRNA-mediated knockdown of PTN and then supplemented with IGF-2 (50 ng/mL) through tail vein injection. (E) Expression of PTN after Ptn knockdown and supplemented with control vehicle or IGF-2 (50 ng/mL) in the mouse endometrium, measured by immunofluorescence, and quantitative analysis of immunofluorescence was performed (n = 6). (F) RT-qPCR analysis of levels of decidualization-related genes after Ptn knockdown and supplemented with control vehicle or IGF-2 (50 ng/mL) in the mouse endometrium (n = 6). Data are presented as mean ± SEM and analyzed using t-test or one-way ANOVA test. * compared with NC treated with control vehicle, # compared with si PTN treated with control vehicle (NS, no significant difference; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p< 0.0001, ## p < 0.01, ### p < 0.001, #### p < 0.0001). ESCs, endometrial stromal cells; PPI, protein–protein interaction; RIF, recurrent implantation failure.

Article Snippet: The remaining cells were digested with trypsin and inoculated into a new culture dish, and they were treated with control vehicle or IGF-2 (50 ng/mL, R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA, 292-G2) for 48 h and then collected for quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).

Techniques: Isolation, Quantitative RT-PCR, Knockdown, Injection, Expressing, Control, Immunofluorescence

Journal: Frontiers in Immunology

Article Title: PTN/IGF-2 signaling modulates endometrial decidualization and immune cell trafficking to facilitate pregnancy maintenance

doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1790942

Figure Lengend Snippet: PTN deficiency induces endometrial immune imbalance and leads to adverse pregnancy outcomes, which can be partially reversed by IGF-2. (A) PPI network of PTN, IGF-2, CXCR4, CD4, CD8, CD56, and other immunoregulators. (B, C) Flow cytometry analysis (B) and statistical quantification (C) of cell populations of NK cells and T cells, and the expression levels of CD16, CXCR4, and GZMB in NK cell form the endometrial tissues of NC and si PTN mice treated with control vehicle or IGF-2 (50 ng/mL) (n = 6). (D) The flowchart depicts the steps involved in establishing a mouse model of intrauterine perfusion with siRNA-mediated knockdown of Ptn and then supplemented with IGF-2 (50 ng/mL) through tail vein injection for 2 days; then, these female mice were mated with fertile male mice; analysis of fertility, including pregnancy rate, IF, and fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). were performed at gestational day 13.5. (E) Representative images of uteri from pregnant mice in the NC and si PTN mice treated with control vehicle or IGF-2 (50 ng/mL) at gestational day 13.5 (n = 6) (arrow shows the absorption site). (F) Pregnancy rate (%) in NC and si PTN mice treated with control vehicle or IGF-2 (50 ng/mL) (n = 15). (G) Quantification of embryo numbers (left) and absorption rate (right) per mouse in NC (n = 13) and si PTN mice treated with control vehicle (n = 6) or IGF-2 (50 ng/mL) (n = 11) at gestational day 13.5. Data are presented as mean ± SEM and analyzed using one-way ANOVA test or χ 2 test. * Compared with NC treated with control vehicle, # compared with si PTN treated with control vehicle (NS, no significant difference; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001, ## p < 0.01, ### p < 0.001, #### p < 0.0001). IF, immunofluorescence.

Article Snippet: The remaining cells were digested with trypsin and inoculated into a new culture dish, and they were treated with control vehicle or IGF-2 (50 ng/mL, R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA, 292-G2) for 48 h and then collected for quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).

Techniques: Flow Cytometry, Expressing, Control, Knockdown, Injection, Fluorescence, FACS, Immunofluorescence

Journal: iScience

Article Title: Reprogramming of fibroblasts into cancer-associated fibroblasts via IGF2-mediated autophagy promotes metastasis of lung cancer cells

doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.111269

Figure Lengend Snippet: Lung cancer cells induced CAFs activation via IGF2 secretion (A) mRNA levels of IGF2 in cells were detected by qPCR. (B) IGF2 concentrations in cell culture medium were detected by ELISA. (C) NFs were treated with IGF2 (50 and 100 ng/mL) for 24 h. Cell morphology was observed under a microscope. (D) NFs were treated with IGF2. α-SMA and FAP expressions were detected by western blotting. (E) NFs were treated with IGF2. Cell proliferation was examined by CCK-8 kit after 48 h. (F and G) NFs were treated with IGF2. NFs migration was detected by trans-well assay after 24 h. (H) NFs were treated with CM or CM + IGF2 neutralizing antibody. Cell morphology was observed under a microscope. (I) NFs were treated with CM or CM + IGF2 neutralizing antibody. α-SMA and FAP expressions were detected by western blotting. (J) NFs were treated with CM or CM + IGF2 neutralizing antibody, and IGF2 (100 ng/mL). Cell proliferation was examined by CCK-8 kit after 48 h. (K and L) NFs were treated with CM or CM + IGF2 neutralizing antibody. NFs migration was detected by trans-well assay after 24 h. (M) The effect of IGF2 knockdown by RNAi. (N) IGF2 expression was knocked down in lung cancer cells, and then the CM was collected and used to culture NFs. α-SMA and FAP expressions were detected by western blotting. (O and P) IGF2 expression was knocked down in lung cancer cells by RNAi, and then the CM was collected and used to culture NFs. NFs migration was detected by trans-well assay after 24 h. Ab, neutralizing antibody. Scale bar, 100 μm. Data represents the mean ± SD from three independent experiments. ∗p < 0.05, ∗∗p < 0.01, ∗∗∗p < 0.001 .

Article Snippet: Recombinant human IGF2 , Sino Biological , Cat#13032-HNAY.

Techniques: Activation Assay, Cell Culture, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Microscopy, Western Blot, CCK-8 Assay, Migration, Knockdown, Expressing

Journal: iScience

Article Title: Reprogramming of fibroblasts into cancer-associated fibroblasts via IGF2-mediated autophagy promotes metastasis of lung cancer cells

doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.111269

Figure Lengend Snippet: IGF2-induced autophagy mediated the effect of lung cancer cells on CAFs activation (A) NFs were treated with CM and then were stained with 0.5 μg/mL AO for 15 min. The acidic vesicular organelles (AVOs) formation was observed under a fluorescence microscope (scale bar, 20 μm). (B) NFs were treated with CM. The expression of LC-3II and ATG5 were detected by western blotting. (C) NFs were treated with IGF2 (50 or 100 mg/mL) for 24 h. The AVOs formation was examined by AO staining (scale bar, 20 μm). (D) NFs were treated with IGF2. The expression of LC-3II and ATG5 was detected by western blotting. (E) NFs were treated with IGF2 or IGF2 + 3-MA (5 mM). The AVOs formation was examined by AO staining (scale bar, 20 μm). (F) NFs were treated with IGF2 or IGF2 + 3-MA. Protein expressions were detected by western blotting. (G) NFs were treated with IGF2 or IGF2 + 3-MA. Cell proliferation was examined by CCK-8 kit after 48 h. (H and I) NFs were treated with IGF2 or IGF2+3-MA. NFs migration was detected by trans-well assay after 24 h (scale bar, 100 μm). (J) NFs were treated with IGF2, CM, CM + IGF2 Ab, and CM + 3-MA. The AVOs formation was examined by AO staining (scale bar, 20 μm). (K) NFs were treated with CM, IGF2, and CM + IGF2 Ab. Protein expressions were detected by western blotting. (L) NFs were treated with IGF2, CM, CM + IGF2 Ab, and CM + 3-MA. Cell proliferation was examined by CCK-8 kit after 48 h. (M and N) NFs were treated with IGF2, CM, CM + IGF2 Ab, and CM + 3-MA. NFs migration was detected by trans-well assay after 24 h (scale bar, 100 μm). (O and P) NFs were treated with RAPA (100 nM); α-SMA and FAP expressions were detected by western blotting (scale bar, 20 μm). (Q and R) NFs were treated with RAPA; NFs migration was detected by trans-well assay after 24 h. Ab, neutralizing antibody (scale bar, 100 μm). Data represents the mean ± SD from three independent experiments. ∗p < 0.05, ∗∗p < 0.01, ∗∗∗p < 0.001 .

Article Snippet: Recombinant human IGF2 , Sino Biological , Cat#13032-HNAY.

Techniques: Activation Assay, Staining, Fluorescence, Microscopy, Expressing, Western Blot, CCK-8 Assay, Migration

Journal: iScience

Article Title: Reprogramming of fibroblasts into cancer-associated fibroblasts via IGF2-mediated autophagy promotes metastasis of lung cancer cells

doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.111269

Figure Lengend Snippet:

Article Snippet: Recombinant human IGF2 , Sino Biological , Cat#13032-HNAY.

Techniques: Recombinant, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: iScience

Article Title: Reprogramming of fibroblasts into cancer-associated fibroblasts via IGF2-mediated autophagy promotes metastasis of lung cancer cells

doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.111269

Figure Lengend Snippet: PCR primer sequences

Article Snippet: Recombinant human IGF2 , Sino Biological , Cat#13032-HNAY.

Techniques:

Journal: Stem Cell Research & Therapy

Article Title: Distinct muscle regenerative capacity of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stromal cells in Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy model mice

doi: 10.1186/s13287-024-03951-6

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of IGF2 knockdown in XF-iMSCs on Col6a1 -KO/NSG MuSC differentiation. a mRNA expression of IGF2 and PXDN . The mRNA expression level of each gene was analyzed using RT-qPCR in Ad-MSCs, BM-MSCs, and XF-iMSCs. Levels are shown relative to those in XF-iMSCs. Data are shown as the mean ± SD. b Concentration of IGF2 in the culture supernatants of Ad-MSCs, BM-MSCs, and XF-iMSCs as obtained using ELISA. Data are shown as the mean ± SD. c mRNA expression level and concentration of IGF2 in the culture on co-culture day 3. Data are presented as the mean ± SD. mRNA expression levels are shown with levels relative to those in XF-iMSCs. d Representative immunofluorescence images of Col6a1 -KO/NSG mouse-derived MuSCs 3 days after single culture or co-culture with XF-iMSC, XF-iMSC_ IGF2 -KD, or XF-iMSC_mock. e Total number of DAPI + /hLamin A/C- mouse myogenic cells 3 days after co-culture. Data are expressed relative to XF-iMSCs and are presented as the mean ± SD of three independent experiments. f Percentage of Pax7 + /MyoD-, Pax7 + /MyoD + , and Pax7-/MyoD + cell populations 3 days after co-culture. Data from three independent experiments are shown as the mean ± SD. g mRNA expression level and concentration of IGF2 in the culture on co-culture day 6. Data are presented as the mean ± SD. mRNA expression levels are shown with levels relative to those in XF-iMSCs. h Representative immunofluorescence images of Col6a1 -KO/NSG mouse-derived MuSCs 6 days after single culture or co-culture with XF-iMSCs, XF-iMSC_ IGF2 -KD, or XF-iMSC_mock. i, j Area of MHC + myotubes ( i ) and number of MHC + myotubes ( j ) with four or more nuclei on day 6 after co-culture. Data are expressed relative to XF-iMSCs and are presented as the mean ± SD of three independent experiments. co-cluture experiment: n = 6 (XF-iMSCs, XF-iMSC_ IGF2-KD and XF-iMSC_mock), n = 3 (single culture). qPCR and ELISA experiment: n = 2 (Ad-MSCs, BM-MSCs, XF-iMSCs)

Article Snippet: Insulin growth factor 2 (IGF2) protein was quantified using a Human IGF-II/IGF2 Quantizing ELISA kit (DG200, R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MSP, USA).

Techniques: Knockdown, Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR, Concentration Assay, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Co-Culture Assay, Immunofluorescence, Derivative Assay

Journal: Stem Cell Research & Therapy

Article Title: Distinct muscle regenerative capacity of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stromal cells in Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy model mice

doi: 10.1186/s13287-024-03951-6

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of IGF2 supplementation on Col6a1 -KO/NSG MuSC differentiation. a Representative immunofluorescence images of Col6a1 -KO/NSG mouse-derived MuSCs 3 days after IGF2 supplementation (IGF2-treated) or without IGF2 treatment (IGF2-untreated). b Total number of DAPI + /hLamin A/C- mouse myogenic cells after 3 days of culture. Data are expressed relative to IGF2-untreated and are presented as the mean ± SD of three independent experiments. c Percentage of Pax7 + /MyoD-, Pax7 + /MyoD + , and Pax7-/MyoD + cell populations after 3 days of culture. Data from three independent experiments are shown as the mean ± SD. d Representative immunofluorescence images of Col6a1 -KO/NSG mouse-derived MuSCs 6 days after IGF2 supplementation (IGF2-treated) or without IGF2 treatment (IGF2-untreated). e, f Area of MHC + myotubes ( e ) and number of MHC + myotubes with two or more nuclei ( f ) 6 days after co-culture. Data are expressed relative to IGF2-untreated and are presented as the mean ± SD of three independent experiments. * p < 0.05. n = 3 (IGF2 treated, IGF2 untreated)

Article Snippet: Insulin growth factor 2 (IGF2) protein was quantified using a Human IGF-II/IGF2 Quantizing ELISA kit (DG200, R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MSP, USA).

Techniques: Immunofluorescence, Derivative Assay, Co-Culture Assay